Chris Argris views the maturational process in stages that transform immature infants into mature adults. As individuals mature, they have increasing needs to be more active, desires to move from subordinate positions to equal or superior ones, needs to develop many new and different ways for behaving, and deeper interests than they did when they were in a more immature state. According to Argris, traditional structure prevents this natural growth by keeping people in a more narrowly focused, subordinate state. \n This research examines the relationship between traditional structure and employees\' maturity in public organizations . In this regard \ndimensions of the traditional structure include: formalization concentration and complication, and dimensions of employees\' maturity include: seven years activity, independence, behaving in several ways, deep interests, high view, better or equal condition and knowledge of selves.

This paper proposes a new version of Water Swirl Algorithm namely Improved Water Swirl Algorithm for lower order model formulation of SISO continuous systems. Water Swirl Algorithm (WSA) is a swarm based optimization technique that mimics the way by which water finds a drain in a sink. It observes the flowing and searching behavior of water for drain and proposes a suitable strength update equations to locate the optimum solution iteratively from the initial randomly generated search space. The strength of a water particle is governed by three components namely, Inertia, Cognitive and Social. In the proposed Improved WSA, the cognitive component of water particle is spitted into good experience component and worst experience component. Due to the inclusion of worst experience component, the particle can bypass the previously visited worst position and try to occupy the best position. A weighted average method is proposed in this paper to reduce the higher order model formulation to lower order form. The result shows good performance of the Improved WSA in solving SISO continuous system problems as compared to other existing techniques. The proposed method is illustrated through numerical example from literature.

The experience of 1973 caused the people of the world realize the importance of energy resources. Although the energy is accessed/used by all today, yet the issue of energy reserves’ protection has been under consideration, since the fossil fuels have been used and the mal effects of its consumption are always more obvious on environment beside the issue of energy supply. The climate warming and its negative effects are going to be more crucial. Buildings are considered to be one of the utmost energy using part of the most societies. Attention to building technologies to economize and optimizing the energy consumption can have a constructive role in this way at a very effective level. During the recent decades the tendency towards environment based development came into existence to reduce the environmental consequences of fossil resources use and the maximum economizing in the use of energy, the type of development that could reply to the needs in long term and does not harm the cycle entered in. The use of green and oxygen producing roofs and walls is one of the most modern techniques to optimizing the use of energy. Novel technologies that are embedded with energy efficiency and productivity improvement as well as ecological advantages in addition to visual beauty, are considered the covering and lively systems with almost similar advantage and work. In the present research, we deal with the study and the effects of roofs as well as oxygen producing and green walls in the buildings from optimizing view to energy consumption as well as to the role of these systems in visual comforting and beautifying it.

In this paper, we will be an invasive weed optimization and differential evolution algorithm together, a novel differential evolution invasive weed optimization (DEIWO) algorithm is proposed. In the DEIWO iterative process, the global exploration ability of invasive weed optimization algorithm provides effective search area for differential evolution, at the same time, the heuristic search ability of differential evolution algorithm provides a reliable guide for invasive weed optimization. Finally, the results show that the differential evolution invasive weed optimization algorithm has a higher accuracy and speed of convergence, which is an efficiency and feasible algorithm for solving nonlinear systems of equations.

The Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) problems in power generation systems is to reduce the fuel cost by reducing the total cost for the generation of electric power. This paper presents an efficient Novel TANAN’s Algorithm (NTA), for solving ELD Problem. The main objective is to minimize the total fuel cost of the generating units having quadratic cost characteristics subjected to limits on generator true power output and including valve point loading effects. The NTA is a simple numerical random search approach based on a parabolic TANAN function. This paper presents an application of NTA to ELD for different IEEE standard test systems.